Neonatal infectious diseases

Candidiasis is an infection caused by a species of the yeast belonging to genus Candida. There are over 20 species of Candida yeasts that can cause infection in humans; the most common of which is Candida albicans. It can cause vaginal candidiasis, oral candidiasis and deep organ candidiasis. Conjunctivitis is a type of neonatal infection that affects the new-borns while they pass through the birth canal from a mother infected with either Neisseria gonorrhea or Chlamydia trachomatis during delivery. Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges and is more common in the neonatal period .It is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Sepsis specifically refers to the presence in a new-born baby of a bacterial blood stream infection. Neonatal tetanus is a form of generalized tetanus that occurs in new-borns. It usually occurs through infection of the unhealed umbilical stump, particularly when the stump is cut with a non-sterile instrument. Neonatal stroke  is a disturbance in the blood supply to an infant's brain in the first 28 days of life. This includes both ischemic events, which result from the blockage of vessels, and haemorrhagic events, which result when the blood vessel ruptures and bleeds. Neonatal diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects the infants and their body's ability to produce or use insulin .It is a monogenic (controlled by a single gene) form of diabetes that occurs in the first 6 months of life. Neonatal herpes simplex is a rare but serious condition, usually caused by vertical transmission of herpes simplex virus from mother to the new-born. Other infectious diseases includes:   Neonatal hypoglycaemia, Neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy , Neonatal isoerythrolysis, diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis, benign neonatal hemangiomatosis, Neonatal cholestasis, Transient neonatal pustular melanosis, and Neonatal toxic shock-like exanthematous disease.

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